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Bremelanotide
Snapshot captured 2026-09-27 — Evidence added or removed
Overview
Bremelanotide is a melanocortin receptor agonist peptide studied in sexual-desire disorders. The relevant clinical populations, outcome measures, and treatment settings must be distinguished from other melanocortin compounds.
Evidence quality
WPF’s atlas lists clinical-trial reviews of pharmacological options for hypoactive sexual desire disorder, as well as prescribing-pattern and formulation studies. A review or utilization trend does not by itself establish an individual treatment effect or extend findings to unstudied populations.
Safety concerns
Trial endpoints, enrolled populations, contraindications, and adverse events require appraisal of primary and official records before a clinical or regulatory claim is made.
Citations as of this version
- BREMELANOTIDE
- Comprehensive characterization of bremelanotide acetate and its degradants by LC-HRMS/MS and predicting epimerization through computational modelling.
- Should Bremelanotide Be Considered for the Treatment of Sexual Arousal and Desire Disorders in Men?
- TIRZEPATIDE, ELAMIPRETIDE (SS-31), TESAMORELIN AND BREMELANOTIDE: MECHANISTIC FOUNDATIONS, CLINICAL EVIDENCE AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS IN METABOLIC, MITOCHONDRIAL AND NEUROENDOCRINE CONTEXTS
- (060) Comparison of Prescribing and Google Trends Between Bremelanotide (Vyleesi®) and Flibanserin (Addyi®) for Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
- (122) POSITIVE EFFECTS OF BREMELANOTIDE ON FEMALE SEXUAL AROUSAL AND ORGASM IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH HSDD: FSFI DATA FROM THE RECONNECT TRIALS
- G-423 Efficacy of Bremelanotide (BMT) to Stabilize Podocyte Function and Reduce Proteinuria in Adults with Type II Diabetic Nephropathy: Results from a Phase IIb, Open-Label Study
- (396) Comparative Analysis of Flibanserin, Bremelanotide, and Testosterone Therapy for Female Sexual Desire: Mechanism, Efficacy, and Clinical Considerations
- (227) Use of the CNS Agent Bremelanotide in Men with Sexual Dysfunction: Results from a Sexual Medicine Clinic
- (235) Use of Bremelanotide (Vyleesi) in Men with Sexual Dysfunctions
- (035) USE OF BREMELANOTIDE IN MEN WITH SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION AT A SEXUAL MEDICINE CLINIC
- Bremelanotide (Vyleesi) A Melanocortin Receptor Agonist for Treating Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
- PD52-03 USE OF THE CNS AGENT BREMELANOTIDE IN MEN WITH SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION: RESULTS FROM A SEXUAL MEDICINE CLINIC
- Expression of Concern: Salvage of Sildenafil Failures With Bremelanotide: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study.
- (020) Real-World Use of Bremelanotide in One Sexual Medicine Clinic Treating Women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
- (033) Examining the Neuroanatomical Basis of Bremelanotide, a Drug for Low Sexual Desire in Women
- Bremelanotide for hypoactive sexual desire syndrome in pre-menopausal women
- Review for "Effect of bremelanotide on body weight of obese women: data from two phase 1 randomized controlled trials"
- Author response for "Effect of bremelanotide on body weight of obese women: data from two phase 1 randomized controlled trials"
- Decision letter for "Effect of bremelanotide on body weight of obese women: data from two phase 1 randomized controlled trials"
- Bremelanotide for Treatment of Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire.
- Cryo-EM structure of bremelanotide-MC4R-Gs_Nb35 complex
- Female Syrian hamster analyses of bremelanotide, a US FDA approved drug for the treatment of female hypoactive sexual desire disorder. (2025)
- Small Effects, Questionable Outcomes: Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. (2024)
- Melanocortin Receptor Agonist Bremelanotide Induces Cell Death and Growth Inhibition in Glioblastoma Cells <i>via</i> Suppression of Survivin Expression. (2024)
- An evaluation of bremelanotide injection for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder. (2023)
- The neurobiology of bremelanotide for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. (2022)
- Effect of bremelanotide on body weight of obese women: Data from two phase 1 randomized controlled trials. (2022)
- Safety Profile of Bremelanotide Across the Clinical Development Program. (2022)
- Prespecified and Integrated Subgroup Analyses from the RECONNECT Phase 3 Studies of Bremelanotide. (2022)
- Re-Analyzing Phase III Bremelanotide Trials for "Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder" in Women. (2021)
- Bremelanotide and flibanserin for low sexual desire in women: the fallacy of regulatory precedent. (2021)
- The Patient Experience of Premenopausal Women Treated with Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: RECONNECT Exit Study Results. (2021)
- Failure of a Meta-analysis: A Commentary on Glen Spielmans's "Re-Analyzing Phase III Bremelanotide Trials for 'Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Women'". (2021)
- LC-HRMS characterization of the skin pigmentation and sexual enhancers melanotan II and bremelanotide sold on the black market of performance and image enhancing drugs. (2021)
- Bremelanotide: New Drug Approved for Treating Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. (2020)
- Ultra-sensitive quantification of the therapeutic cyclic peptide bremelanotide utilizing UHPLC-MS/MS for evaluation of its oral plasma pharmacokinetics. (2020)
- Responder Analyses from a Phase 2b Dose-Ranging Study of Bremelanotide. (2019)
- Bremelanotide: First Approval. (2019)
- Bremelanotide (Vyleesi) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder. (2019)
- Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. (2019)
- Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials. (2019)
- Phase I Randomized Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Study of the Safety and Tolerability of Bremelanotide Coadministered With Ethanol in Healthy Male and Female Participants. (2017)
- Usefulness of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to assess the melanocortin receptor agonist bremelanotide. (2017)
- Bremelanotide for female sexual dysfunctions in premenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled dose-finding trial. (2016)
- Re: Bremelanotide for Female Sexual Dysfunctions in Premenopausal Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Dose-Finding Trial. (2016)
- Bremelanotide. (2012)
- Salvage of sildenafil failures with bremelanotide: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. (2008)
- Bremelanotide: an overview of preclinical CNS effects on female sexual function. (2007)
- An effect on the subjective sexual response in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder by bremelanotide (PT-141), a melanocortin receptor agonist. (2006)
- Bremelanotide. (2006)
- PT-141 Palatin. (2004)
Regulatory status as of this version
- United States — FDA: approved — VYLEESI (bremelanotide) is indicated for the treatment of premenopausal women with acquired, generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), as characterized by low sexual desire that causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty, and not due to a co-existing medical or psychiatric condition, relationship problems, or the effects of a medication or drug substance. Not indicated for HSDD in postmenopausal women or in men.
- European Union — EMA: not_approved
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