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Where is Tirzepatide being studied?

Find registered human studies, phases, products, recruitment status and reported research locations around the world. Registry search matches are separate from this profile’s reviewed evidence.

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Scientific intelligence record

Experience 2.0

GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist

Tirzepatide

Tirzepatide is a long-acting peptide agonist at GIP and GLP-1 receptors. Controlled programs evaluate glycemic control, chronic weight management, withdrawal, obesity-related obstructive sleep apnea, HFpEF with obesity, and MASH. Regulatory conclusions remain indication- and label-specific.

Record status

Traceability partial

Last meaningful update: 9/9/2026

Evidence searched through:
Not recorded
Assessment updated:
9/9/2026
Documented human review:
9/8/2026
Automated scientific assessment:
None recorded
AI source check:
9/26/2026

Published source links and profile text pass separate gates. Only a documented human review is labelled as human review; an automated scientific assessment applies deterministic checks, and an AI source check confirms only that a source exists and matches its identifiers. A source count alone does not establish a review.

Evidence coverage has three distinct layers. The corpus count is a transparent screening inventory, the featured set contains study-level tiering and interpretation, and the published-source count contains records promoted through the institutional publication workflow. Source validation, editorial publication, and scientific appraisal are separate decisions; these numbers must not be merged.

Ranked research corpus

500

Categorized publications with provisional ranking; scientific review remains separate.

Featured tiered studies

137

Cornerstone publications with study-level interpretation, limitations, and tier disclosure.

Research domains

13

Clinical and scientific questions synthesized independently across the evidence atlas.

Published source records

25

Database records promoted through the governed publication workflow—not the corpus total.

Corpus generated 2026-09-18. Counts remain separately labeled so screening is not represented as completed review.

Human experience · separate evidence stream

No community pattern is displayed yet

Eligible observations remain below the privacy and reliability threshold. WPF will not convert a handful of reports into a percentage, trend, or clinical claim.

Observation is valuable human context. It is not evidence of causation, efficacy, or safety.

Public display gate

n ≥ 20 eligible observations

Exact progress remains private before the threshold.

Contribute an observationArchive details

Intelligence snapshot

The state of the record

A compact view of what is represented, what remains unresolved, and how completely the record can be traced.

Ranked research corpus

500

Categorized screening records; proposed rankings remain pending human appraisal.

Featured tiered studies

137

Cornerstone studies with published study-level interpretation and tier disclosure.

Research domains

13

Independent evidence dossiers covering the major research questions.

Published source records

25

Source records published through the governed workflow; this count does not certify scientific conclusions.

Contradictions

0

Conflicting evidence relationships that remain visible.

Research gaps

1

Questions the current record identifies as unresolved.

Connected media

0

Media records explicitly linked to this scientific record.

What we know

Evidence, claims, and boundaries

The project separates represented evidence from qualification, contradiction, uncertainty, and what the evidence does not establish.

Reconciled domain conclusions

13 published domain syntheses connected to 137 featured studies

Tirzepatide no longer relies on the legacy “no public claim” state. Each research domain publishes a bounded synthesis, confidence level, evidence context, limitations, geographic applicability, regulatory interpretation, and research gaps. Publication of these syntheses is separate from the scientific review status shown above.

Inspect the reconciled evidence atlas
Inspect the published evidence record25 governed records · titles, provenance, and original-source linksOpen records ↓
2025Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity

In 731 adults with HFpEF and obesity, tirzepatide reduced cardiovascular death or worsening heart-failure events and improved health status versus placebo.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2410027
PubMed
39555826
Open original source
2023Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity in people with type 2 diabetes (SURMOUNT-2)

In 938 adults with type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide reduced weight more than placebo at 72 weeks; gastrointestinal events were most common.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01200-X
PubMed
37385275
Open original source
2021Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Efficacy and safety of a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-1)

In 478 adults, tirzepatide monotherapy reduced HbA1c and weight versus placebo; gastrointestinal events were most common.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01324-6
PubMed
34186022
Open original source
2021Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

In 1,879 adults, tirzepatide was superior to semaglutide 1 mg for HbA1c change and weight reduction at 40 weeks; gastrointestinal events predominated.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2107519
PubMed
34170647
Open original source
2021Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide versus insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk (SURPASS-4)

In 2,002 high-risk adults, tirzepatide improved HbA1c and weight versus insulin glargine without evidence of excess cardiovascular risk in the prespecified analysis.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02188-7
PubMed
34672967
Open original source
2022Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity

In 2,539 adults without diabetes, tirzepatide produced large dose-dependent weight reductions versus placebo; gastrointestinal events occurred mainly during escalation.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2206038
PubMed
35658024
Open original source
2023Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide after intensive lifestyle intervention in adults with overweight or obesity: the SURMOUNT-3 phase 3 trial

After an intensive lifestyle lead-in, 579 adults were randomized and tirzepatide produced additional weight reduction versus placebo.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1038/s41591-023-02597-w
PubMed
37845521
Open original source
2024Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial

After a tirzepatide lead-in, 670 participants were randomized; continued treatment maintained and extended loss, while withdrawal led to regain.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1001/jama.2023.24945
PubMed
38078870
Open original source
2024Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 90/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity

Two phase 3 trials in 469 adults with obesity and moderate-to-severe OSA found reductions in apnea-hypopnea index and weight versus placebo.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2404881
PubMed
38912654
Open original source
2025Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 91/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-PEDS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Current treatment options for youth-onset type 2 diabetes are limited and have demonstrated lower glycaemic efficacy than those for adult-onset type 2 diabetes. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of tirzepatide, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and GLP-1 receptor agonist, compared with placebo in youth-onset type 2 diabetes. We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre (39 sites), multinational (eight countries) trial over 30 weeks, followed by an open-label extension for 22 weeks in which all participants received tirzepatide. Participants aged 10 to <18 years with youth-onset type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin and/or...

Authors
Tamara S Hannon, Lily C Chao, Margarita Barrientos-Pérez, Karthik Chandrasekhar Pamidipati, Laura Fernández Landó, Clare J Lee, Hiren Patel, Brandon K Bergman
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01774-X
PubMed
40975112
Open original source
2022Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 91/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Effect of Subcutaneous Tirzepatide vs Placebo Added to Titrated Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The SURPASS-5 Randomized Clinical Trial.

The effects of tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, as an addition to insulin glargine for treatment of type 2 diabetes have not been described. To assess the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide added to insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes with inadequate glycemic control. Randomized phase 3 clinical trial conducted at 45 medical research centers and hospitals in 8 countries (enrollment from August 30, 2019, to March 20, 2020; follow-up completed January 13, 2021) in 475 adults with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control while treated with once-daily insulin glargine with or without metformin....

Authors
Dominik Dahl, Yukiko Onishi, Paul Norwood, Ruth Huh, Ross Bray, Hiren Patel, Ángel Rodríguez
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1001/jama.2022.0078
PubMed
35133415
Open original source
2025Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 91/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Cardiovascular Outcomes with Tirzepatide versus Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes.

Tirzepatide, a dual incretin agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptors, has favorable effects on glycemic control and body weight. The effects on cardiovascular outcomes are uncertain. We conducted an active-comparator-controlled, double-blind, noninferiority trial in which patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive a weekly subcutaneous injection of tirzepatide (up to 15 mg) or dulaglutide (1.5 mg), an agent that has been shown to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events. The primary end point was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes,...

Authors
Stephen J Nicholls, Imre Pavo, Deepak L Bhatt, John B Buse, Stefano Del Prato, Steven E Kahn, A Michael Lincoff, Darren K McGuire
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2505928
PubMed
41406444
Open original source
2025Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 91/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Body composition changes during weight reduction with tirzepatide in the SURMOUNT-1 study of adults with obesity or overweight.

We assessed changes in body composition following tirzepatide treatment in a substudy of participants with obesity or overweight from the SURMOUNT-1 trial, overall and post hoc in clinically relevant subgroups. Substudy participants (n = 160 of the 2539 in SURMOUNT-1) underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and Week 72. Body composition parameters were evaluated by analysis of covariance, logistic regression or Fisher's exact test. Post hoc subgroup analyses were conducted by sex (female or male), age (<50, 50 to <65, or ≥65 years) and total body weight reduction tertiles (≤15.3 kg, >15.3 to ≤25.9 kg, or >25.9 kg). The 160 participants (pooled tirzepatide doses n =...

Authors
Michelle Look, Julia P Dunn, Robert F Kushner, Dachuang Cao, Charles Harris, Theresa Hunter Gibble, Adam Stefanski, Ryan Griffin
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1111/dom.16275
PubMed
39996356
Open original source
2025Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 91/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide as Compared with Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity.

Tirzepatide and semaglutide are highly effective medications for obesity management. The efficacy and safety of tirzepatide as compared with semaglutide in adults with obesity but without type 2 diabetes is unknown. In this phase 3b, open-label, controlled trial, adult participants with obesity but without type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive the maximum tolerated dose of tirzepatide (10 mg or 15 mg) or the maximum tolerated dose of semaglutide (1.7 mg or 2.4 mg) subcutaneously once weekly for 72 weeks. The primary end point was the percent change in weight from baseline to week 72. Key secondary end points included weight reductions of at least 10%, 15%, 20%,...

Authors
Louis J Aronne, Deborah Bade Horn, Carel W le Roux, Wayne Ho, Beverly L Falcon, Elisa Gomez Valderas, Sagar Das, Clare J Lee
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2416394
PubMed
40353578
Open original source
2024Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 91/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide for Weight Reduction in Chinese Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-CN Randomized Clinical Trial.

Obesity has become a global public health concern and China has the largest number of affected people worldwide. To assess the efficacy and safety of treatment with tirzepatide for weight reduction in Chinese adults with obesity or overweight and weight-related comorbidities. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial conducted at 29 centers in China from September 2021 to December 2022 included Chinese adults (aged ≥18 years) with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 28 or greater than or equal to 24 and at least 1 weight-related comorbidity, excluding diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive once-weekly, subcutaneous...

Authors
Lin Zhao, Zhifeng Cheng, Yibing Lu, Ming Liu, Hong Chen, Min Zhang, Rui Wang, Yuan Yuan
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1001/jama.2024.9217
PubMed
38819983
Open original source
2025Phase 3 human evidence
Evidence strength A · 91/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide for Obesity Treatment and Diabetes Prevention.

Obesity is a chronic disease and causal precursor to myriad other conditions, including type 2 diabetes. In an earlier analysis of the SURMOUNT-1 trial, tirzepatide was shown to provide substantial and sustained reductions in body weight in persons with obesity over a 72-week period. Here, we report the 3-year safety outcomes with tirzepatide and its efficacy in reducing weight and delaying progression to type 2 diabetes in persons with both obesity and prediabetes. We performed a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial in which 2539 participants with obesity, of whom 1032 also had prediabetes, were assigned in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive tirzepatide at a once-weekly dose of 5...

Authors
Ania M Jastreboff, Carel W le Roux, Adam Stefanski, Louis J Aronne, Bruno Halpern, Sean Wharton, John P H Wilding, Leigh Perreault
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2410819
PubMed
39536238
Open original source
2024Phase 1–2 human evidence
Evidence strength B+ · 82/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis with Liver Fibrosis

In 190 adults with biopsy-confirmed MASH and F2/F3 fibrosis, tirzepatide increased histologic MASH resolution without worsening fibrosis at 52 weeks.

Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2401943
PubMed
38856224
Open original source
2024Observational human evidence
Evidence strength B · 77/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Adults With Overweight or Obesity.

Although tirzepatide and semaglutide were shown to reduce weight in randomized clinical trials, data from head-to-head comparisons in populations with overweight or obesity are not yet available. To compare on-treatment weight loss and rates of gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) among adults with overweight or obesity receiving tirzepatide or semaglutide labeled for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a clinical setting. In this cohort study, adults with overweight or obesity receiving semaglutide or tirzepatide between May 2022 and September 2023 were identified using electronic health record (EHR) data linked to dispensing information from a collective of US health care systems. On-treatment...

Authors
Patricia J Rodriguez, Brianna M Goodwin Cartwright, Samuel Gratzl, Rajdeep Brar, Charlotte Baker, Ty J Gluckman, Nicholas L Stucky
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.2525
PubMed
38976257
Open original source
2022Observational human evidence
Evidence strength A · 83/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide cardiovascular event risk assessment: a pre-specified meta-analysis.

Tirzepatide is a novel, once weekly, dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist and is under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Its association with cardiovascular outcomes requires evaluation. This pre-specified cardiovascular meta-analysis included all seven randomized controlled trials with a duration of at least 26 weeks from the tirzepatide T2D clinical development program, SURPASS. The pre-specified primary objective of this meta-analysis was the comparison of the time to first occurrence of confirmed four-component major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE-4; cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke and hospitalized unstable angina) between pooled...

Authors
Naveed Sattar, Darren K McGuire, Imre Pavo, Govinda J Weerakkody, Hiroshi Nishiyama, Russell J Wiese, Sophia Zoungas
Source
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
DOI
10.1038/s41591-022-01707-4
PubMed
35210595
Open original source
2026Observational human evidence
Evidence strength B · 77/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Semaglutide and tirzepatide effects on cardiovascular outcomes in people with overweight or obesity in the real world (STEER).

To assess the real-world effectiveness of semaglutide versus tirzepatide in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among patients with overweight/obesity and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) without diabetes in an insured US population. This retrospective, observational cohort study used Komodo Research Data and included patients ≥45 years of age with overweight/obesity and ≥1 claim for myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke, or peripheral artery disease first treated with semaglutide or tirzepatide between 13/5/2022-31/1/2025. Propensity score matching was used to balance key baseline characteristics between cohorts. Primary outcomes included...

Authors
Lauren Wilson, Zhenxiang Zhao, Victoria Divino, Matthew Bassan, Bríain Ó Hartaigh, Signe Stensen, Kerem Ozer
Source
peer_reviewed_research
DOI
10.1111/dom.70436
PubMed
41491349
Open original source
2023Observational human evidence
Evidence strength A · 83/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis and gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the available data from clinical trials and assess the safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis and gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. A systematic search was conducted in three electronic databases, namely Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library, up until March 1, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tirzepatide to either placebo or active hypoglycemic drugs in individuals with T2D and obesity. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 value and Cochran's Q test, and a fixed effects model was employed to estimate the safety profile of tirzepatide. The safety...

Authors
Qingyue Zeng, Jiao Xu, Xingyu Mu, Yi Shi, Hong Fan, Shuangqing Li
Source
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
DOI
10.3389/fendo.2023.1214334
PubMed
37908750
Open original source
2026Observational human evidence
Evidence strength A · 83/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Anti-inflammatory effects of tirzepatide: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, has shown significant metabolic benefits and weight reduction, but its anti-inflammatory effects have been less studied. This study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, including observational (cohort) studies and randomized clinical trials that evaluated tirzepatide use and reported percentage changes in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). A random-effects model was used. Seven randomized clinical trials and one observational study were included (six studies were eligible for meta-analysis). Compared to placebo, tirzepatide reduced hsCRP (mean difference [MD]: -32.9; 95% confidence...

Authors
Walter Masson, Martín Lobo, Juan P Nogueira, Leandro Barbagelata, Pedro Touzas, Juan P Frías
Source
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
DOI
10.1007/s11154-025-09991-4
PubMed
41032183
Open original source
2022Observational human evidence
Evidence strength B · 79/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide: A Systematic Update.

Tirzepatide is a new molecule capable of controlling glucose blood levels by combining the dual agonism of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors. GIP and GLP1 are incretin hormones: they are released in the intestine in response to nutrient intake and stimulate pancreatic beta cell activity secreting insulin. GIP and GLP1 also have other metabolic functions. GLP1, in particular, reduces food intake and delays gastric emptying. Moreover, Tirzepatide has been shown to improve blood pressure and to reduce Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. Tirzepatide efficacy and safety were assessed in a phase III SURPASS...

Authors
Imma Forzano, Fahimeh Varzideh, Roberta Avvisato, Stanislovas S Jankauskas, Pasquale Mone, Gaetano Santulli
Source
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
DOI
10.3390/ijms232314631
PubMed
36498958
Open original source
2025Insufficient evidence
Evidence strength B · 68/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide for overweight and obesity management.

Tirzepatide is a once-weekly dual agonist, acting on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors. It is approved at the same doses (5, 10 and 15 mg) for both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic weight management. Following a search in PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, conference abstracts and Lilly website, we review herein the global phase 3 SURMOUNT program on tirzepatide's safety and efficacy for chronic weight management. Additionally, we discuss findings from the regional SURMOUNT-CN and SURMOUNT-J trials (in East-Asian populations) and the phase 2 SYNERGY-NASH, phase 3 SURMOUNT-OSA and SUMMIT studies on tirzepatide's impact on...

Authors
Malak Hamza, Dimitris Papamargaritis, Melanie J Davies
Source
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
DOI
10.1080/14656566.2024.2436595
PubMed
39632534
Open original source
2022Insufficient evidence
Evidence strength B · 68/100 · ProvisionalHow this is rated

This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.

Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.

Source authority
18/100
Directness
15/100
Reporting quality
10/100

Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.

Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0

Tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes with unmatched effectiveness regrading glycaemic control and body weight reduction.

Tirzepatide is the first dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the USA, Europe, and the UAE. Tirzepatide is an acylated peptide engineered to activate the GIP and GLP-1 receptors, key mediators of insulin secretion that are also expressed in regions of the brain that regulate food intake. Five clinical trials in type 2-diabetic subjects (SURPASS 1-5) have shown that tirzepatide at 5-15 mg per week reduces both HbA1c (1.24 to 2.58%) and body weight (5.4-11.7 kg) by amounts unprecedented for a single agent. A sizable proportion of patients (23.0 to 62.4%) reached an HbA1c of < 5.7% (which is the upper limit of the normal range indicating...

Authors
Michael A Nauck, David A D'Alessio
Source
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
DOI
10.1186/s12933-022-01604-7
PubMed
36050763
Open original source

Scientific context

Chemistry and represented biological context

Existing reviewed chemistry is preserved as scientific context. Chemistry and mechanism information do not establish clinical efficacy or safety.

Open chemistry and biological context ↓
Chemical identity

Molecular and structural record

Structured record
Molecular formula
C225H348N48O68
Molecular weight (Da)
4813.45
InChIKey
BTSOGEDATSQOAF-MCNPHUAVSA-N

Chemical identity describes the recorded molecular information. It does not establish biological activity, clinical efficacy, safety, or therapeutic suitability.

Explore further

Continue through the research system

Move from this peptide record into the project's broader evidence, research, comparison, and methodology systems.

Research discovery

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Examine represented peptide records side by side.

Evidence system

Explore how scientific evidence is represented and reviewed.

Research hub

Enter the broader research and intelligence environment.

Methodology

Review project methods, boundaries, and interpretation rules.

Research

How the scientific record is developing

Chronology, unresolved research questions, opportunities, and researcher activity remain descriptive rather than evaluative.

Research chronology

  1. 2021 · study · Temporal status not established

    Efficacy and safety of a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-1)

    peer_reviewed_research

  2. 2021 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

    peer_reviewed_research

  3. 2021 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide versus insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk (SURPASS-4)

    peer_reviewed_research

  4. 2022 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity

    peer_reviewed_research

  5. 2022 · study · Temporal status not established

    Effect of Subcutaneous Tirzepatide vs Placebo Added to Titrated Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The SURPASS-5 Randomized Clinical Trial.

    peer_reviewed_research

  6. 2022 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide cardiovascular event risk assessment: a pre-specified meta-analysis.

    systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

  7. 2022 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide: A Systematic Update.

    systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

  8. 2022 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes with unmatched effectiveness regrading glycaemic control and body weight reduction.

    systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

  9. 2023 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity in people with type 2 diabetes (SURMOUNT-2)

    peer_reviewed_research

  10. 2023 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide after intensive lifestyle intervention in adults with overweight or obesity: the SURMOUNT-3 phase 3 trial

    peer_reviewed_research

  11. 2023 · study · Temporal status not established

    Safety issues of tirzepatide (pancreatitis and gallbladder or biliary disease) in type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

  12. 2024 · study · Temporal status not established

    Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-4 Randomized Clinical Trial

    peer_reviewed_research

  13. 2024 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity

    peer_reviewed_research

  14. 2024 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide for Weight Reduction in Chinese Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-CN Randomized Clinical Trial.

    peer_reviewed_research

  15. 2024 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis with Liver Fibrosis

    peer_reviewed_research

  16. 2024 · study · Temporal status not established

    Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Adults With Overweight or Obesity.

    peer_reviewed_research

  17. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity

    peer_reviewed_research

  18. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-PEDS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

    peer_reviewed_research

  19. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Cardiovascular Outcomes with Tirzepatide versus Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes.

    peer_reviewed_research

  20. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Body composition changes during weight reduction with tirzepatide in the SURMOUNT-1 study of adults with obesity or overweight.

    peer_reviewed_research

  21. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide as Compared with Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity.

    peer_reviewed_research

  22. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide for Obesity Treatment and Diabetes Prevention.

    peer_reviewed_research

  23. 2025 · study · Temporal status not established

    Tirzepatide for overweight and obesity management.

    systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

  24. 2026 · study · Temporal status not established

    Semaglutide and tirzepatide effects on cardiovascular outcomes in people with overweight or obesity in the real world (STEER).

    peer_reviewed_research

  25. 2026 · study · Temporal status not established

    Anti-inflammatory effects of tirzepatide: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

  26. 2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established

    Regulatory review: approved

    European Union (EMA)

  27. 2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established

    Regulatory review: approved

    United States (FDA)

The represented chronology reflects records currently included in the governed dataset and does not claim to represent the entire scientific literature.

What still needs investigation

Claim traceability

No institutional claim record is currently represented for this peptide.

Evidence is missing or not represented as studied; this is not a conclusion that the intervention does not work.

Researchers represented in the evidence record12 bibliographic identities · open to inspect

These are bibliographic author identities derived from represented records. Name strings are not proof of unique real-world researcher identity, and publishing organizations are not treated as institutional affiliations.

Darren K McGuire

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2022, 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research, systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

Hiren Patel

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2022, 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Imre Pavo

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2022, 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research, systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

A Michael Lincoff

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Adam Stefanski

2 represented evidence records

Years represented: 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Ángel Rodríguez

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2022

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Ania M Jastreboff

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Beverly L Falcon

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Brandon K Bergman

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Bríain Ó Hartaigh

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2026

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Brianna M Goodwin Cartwright

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2024

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Bruno Halpern

1 represented evidence record

Years represented: 2025

Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research

Connections

Follow the scientific relationships

Connections appear only when they are represented by the project’s underlying records.

Open 2 represented connections ↓

institution

peer_reviewed_research

represented evidence source

institution

systematic_review_or_meta_analysis

represented evidence source

Traceability

Follow the record back to its source

The experience makes incomplete links visible instead of presenting a false impression of perfect provenance.

Source publication state

A governed source may be verified and approved for publication while its claim-to-evidence link is still incomplete.

Reviewer provenance state

“Human scientist reviewed: no” means that specific source-path attribution is not recorded. It does not silently negate the separate publication-review state.

Domain conclusion → Evidence

Connected

Evidence → Source

Connected

Source → Original record

Connected

Traceability documents how the project connects statements to records. It does not establish that a source is scientifically valid or that a claim is clinically true.

Reconciled for 13 domain conclusions and 137 featured studies.

Detailed study-to-domain mappings and original-source paths appear in the Tirzepatide evidence-governance section.

Inspect the ranked source records

Observational archive

What contributors reported

Observational archive data is intentionally separated from published scientific evidence.

Observational boundary

Insufficient eligible observations are available for display under the current filters.

Insufficient eligible observations are currently represented to display aggregated findings for this peptide.

Regulatory context

Published jurisdictional records

Regulatory status is jurisdiction-specific and time-dependent. It is presented as context, not as a recommendation for use or a substitute for scientific evidence evaluation.

European Union (EMA)

Regulator: EMA

approved

As of: 9/8/2026 · Temporal status not established

EMA EPAR — Mounjaro

Research + media

Media connected to this scientific record

Only media explicitly linked through the project’s relationship system appears here.

No scientifically connected media is currently represented for this peptide.

Sources + provenance

Read the scientific record with its boundaries intact

The public record organizes reviewed evidence; it does not establish scientific truth by itself.
Association, mechanism, observation and regulatory status must not be represented as proof of clinical efficacy or safety.
Observational reports describe contributor experiences and cannot establish causation, effectiveness, safety or clinical benefit.
Contradictory and qualifying evidence must remain visible rather than being silently discarded.
Absence of represented evidence is not evidence that research does not exist.
Research gaps identify unresolved questions; they are not negative conclusions.
Regulatory status is distinct from scientific evidence quality.
Media relationships provide context and explanation; they do not increase the strength of scientific evidence.
A section with no represented records is an incomplete project record, not a scientific conclusion.
Researcher and institutional relationships are shown only when supported by represented records and must not be interpreted as rankings or endorsements.

Generated: 11/8/2026, 5:24:58 PM

global evidence atlas

Tirzepatide research, ranked and separated by purpose

This is a deduplicated literature screening registry—not a claim that every mention directly proves efficacy or safety. Machine proposals remain visibly separate from governed human appraisal.

2,505Discoverable source universe
500Ranked screening records
13Research domains
22Governed published sources

500 matching records · ranked 2026-09-18

Page 1 of 20

Count reconciliation: 2,505 discoverable source records match the peptide identity query; 500 are retained in this bounded, ranked screening view; 22 belong to the separate governed layer labeled “Governed published sources.” Domain totals overlap because one publication may inform several questions.

Tirzepatide evidence · ranking key

How evidence is ranked

A tier describes the evidentiary role and design strength of a source. It is not a popularity score, proof that every conclusion is correct, or a substitute for claim-level review.

A

Practice-defining evidence

Large, well-conducted randomized trials; prespecified major outcomes; rigorous systematic reviews or meta-analyses; and major regulatory assessments.

B

Strong supporting evidence

Smaller randomized trials, strong prospective cohorts, prespecified secondary analyses, and high-quality comparative-effectiveness studies.

C

Contextual evidence

Retrospective cohorts, claims-database studies, pharmacovigilance analyses, mechanistic human research, and well-documented case series.

D

Signal-generating evidence

Case reports, conference abstracts, preclinical research, hypothesis-generating analyses, and expert commentary.

Tier and confidence answer different questions

Tier classifies source design and evidentiary role. Confidence reflects risk of bias, sample size, comparator quality, outcome relevance, follow-up, missing data, directness, replication, reporting quality, and whether conclusions stay within the measured results.

Funding and conflicts are disclosed and considered, but sponsorship never automatically changes a tier. Corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern override the original rating.

peptide explorer

Structural visualization and provenance

Evidence-class labeling remains visible even when interactive rendering is unavailable. Representative geometry is not an experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation.

Fully specified molecular identity

Molecular formula
C225H348N48O68
Molecular weight
4813.45 g/mol
Exact identity / sequence notation
Y-Aib-E-G-T-F-T-S-D-Y-S-I-Aib-L-D-K-I-A-Q-K(γGlu-2×AEEA-C20 fatty diacid)-A-F-V-Q-W-L-I-A-G-G-P-S-S-G-A-P-P-P-S-NH2
Identity-defining modifications
  • Aib at residues 2 and 13
  • Lys20 lipidated through γ-Glu and two AEEA units with a C20 fatty diacid
  • C-terminal amide
PubChem CID
156588324
InChIKey
AAPYRSPHYSKGIS-MCNPHUAVSA-N

Complete compound identity includes the lipid linker. Published receptor complexes are partial; the viewer is explicitly representative.

Sources: NIH PubChem — Tirzepatide · reviewed 2026-09-17

Representative sequence-derived model
Structure source
Generated from this record's governed amino-acid sequence
Identifier
Not applicable — not a database structure
Method
Schematic layout ordered by residue position only; not a molecular-dynamics, homology, or fold prediction
Confidence / limitations
Illustrative only. Not physically accurate; carries no structural, binding-site, or activity meaning.
Provenance
WPF governed PeptideChemistry record
Retrieved / last reviewed
2026-09-17

This is a representative, sequence-derived model ordered by residue position only. It is not the peptide's experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation, and it carries no claim about real bond angles, distances, secondary structure, binding sites, or activity.

Suggested citation

  • APA

    World Peptide Foundation. (n.d.). Tirzepatide — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation. (Reviewed September 8, 2026.) https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/tirzepatide

  • AMA / Vancouver

    World Peptide Foundation. Tirzepatide — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation website. Reviewed September 8, 2026. https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/tirzepatide