Scientific intelligence record
Experience 2.0
Immune-modulating thymic peptide
Also known as: Thymalfasin, Thymosin α1, Tα1, Zadaxin
Thymosin alpha-1 (thymalfasin) is an N-terminally acetylated 28-amino-acid peptide originally isolated from thymic tissue and corresponding to a region of prothymosin alpha. It has context-dependent immunomodulatory effects involving dendritic-cell maturation, innate pattern-recognition signaling, T-cell function, cytokine regulation, and restoration of immune responsiveness; these mechanisms do not imply benefit for every immune or infectious condition.
Record status
Traceability partial
Last meaningful update: 9/8/2026
global evidence atlas
This is a deduplicated literature screening registry—not a claim that every mention directly proves efficacy or safety. Machine proposals remain visibly separate from governed human appraisal.
500 matching records · ranked 2026-09-18
Page 1 of 20
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 41669704 · DOI 10.1002/ccr3.72025
human-observational
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 41619634 · DOI 10.1016/j.humimm.2026.111678
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42698582 · DOI 10.1016/j.jtcme.2026.05.002
human-interventional
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42464431 · DOI 10.1111/jgh.70592
contextual-unclassified
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 41258978 · DOI 10.1007/s43441-025-00895-8
human-interventional
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 41883056 · DOI 10.1111/jgh.70359
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42464890 · DOI 10.1111/jgh.70607
preclinical-animal
WPF seed · 2026 · PMID 41749205 · DOI 10.1186/s12916-026-04740-z
human-interventional
Europe PMC · 2026 · Source ID doi:10.64898/2026.03.12.711331 · DOI 10.64898/2026.03.12.711331
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42183247 · DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1826847
human-observational
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42222211
human-interventional
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42063096 · DOI 10.1186/s13014-026-02841-w
human-interventional
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42212632 · DOI 10.1111/jgh.70471
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · Source ID doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10452079/v1 · DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-10452079/v1
human-observational
Europe PMC · 2026 · Source ID doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9145705/v1 · DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9145705/v1
human-observational
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 41994384 · DOI 10.12669/pjms.42.3.13385
human-observational
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42693587 · DOI 10.1002/advs.202522372
preclinical-animal
WPF seed · 2026 · PMID 42295795 · DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-25-5547
laboratory-mechanistic
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42641753 · DOI 10.1016/j.ejphar.2026.179277
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42345155 · DOI 10.31557/apjcp.2026.27.6.2089
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42292432 · DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1762151
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 41887933 · DOI 10.1080/08923973.2026.2641686
human-interventional
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 41824632 · DOI 10.1080/21505594.2026.2645858
preclinical-animal
Europe PMC · 2026 · PMID 42563676 · DOI 10.3760/cma.j.cn121430-20260205-00076
human-observational
Europe PMC · 2025 · PMID 40799433 · DOI 10.21037/tlcr-2025-190
human-interventional
governance and regulatory context
No new outcome conclusion is inferred from discovery metadata. Named accountable approval is required for governed scientific conclusions.
Absence of a record in this pass is not proof that no authorization exists. Status must remain jurisdiction-, product-, formulation-, and date-specific.
No centrally authorized EMA thymosin alpha-1 or thymalfasin medicine was identified in the EMA medicines database as of 8 September 2026.
European Medicines Agency medicines databaseNo FDA-approved thymosin alpha-1 or thymalfasin drug product or therapeutic indication was identified in Drugs@FDA as of 8 September 2026.
Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved DrugsThymosin alpha-1 evidence · ranking key
A tier describes the evidentiary role and design strength of a source. It is not a popularity score, proof that every conclusion is correct, or a substitute for claim-level review.
Large, well-conducted randomized trials; prespecified major outcomes; rigorous systematic reviews or meta-analyses; and major regulatory assessments.
Smaller randomized trials, strong prospective cohorts, prespecified secondary analyses, and high-quality comparative-effectiveness studies.
Retrospective cohorts, claims-database studies, pharmacovigilance analyses, mechanistic human research, and well-documented case series.
Case reports, conference abstracts, preclinical research, hypothesis-generating analyses, and expert commentary.
APA
World Peptide Foundation. (n.d.). Thymosin alpha-1 — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation. (Reviewed September 8, 2026.) https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/thymosin-alpha-1
AMA / Vancouver
World Peptide Foundation. Thymosin alpha-1 — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation website. Reviewed September 8, 2026. https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/thymosin-alpha-1
Ranked research corpus
500
Categorized publications with transparent machine-proposed ranking; human appraisal pending.
Featured tiered studies
0
Cornerstone publications with study-level interpretation, limitations, and tier disclosure.
Research domains
6
Clinical and scientific questions synthesized independently across the evidence atlas.
Governed reviewed evidence
25
Database records promoted through the governed publication workflow—not the corpus total.
Corpus generated 2026-09-18. Counts remain separately labeled to prevent automated screening from being represented as completed human review.
Human experience · separate evidence stream
Eligible observations remain below the privacy and reliability threshold. WPF will not convert a handful of reports into a percentage, trend, or clinical claim.
Observation is valuable human context. It is not evidence of causation, efficacy, or safety.
Public display gate
n ≥ 20 eligible observations
Exact progress remains private before the threshold.
Intelligence snapshot
A compact view of what is represented, what remains unresolved, and how completely the record can be traced.
Ranked research corpus
500
Categorized screening records; proposed rankings remain pending human appraisal.
Featured tiered studies
0
Cornerstone studies with published study-level interpretation and tier disclosure.
Research domains
6
Independent evidence dossiers covering the major research questions.
Governed reviewed evidence
25
Reviewed database records promoted through the governed publication workflow.
Contradictions
0
Conflicting evidence relationships that remain visible.
Research gaps
1
Questions the current record identifies as unresolved.
Connected media
0
Media records explicitly linked to this scientific record.
What we know
The project separates represented evidence from qualification, contradiction, uncertainty, and what the evidence does not establish.
Reconciled domain conclusions
Thymosin alpha-1 no longer relies on the legacy “no public claim” state. Each research domain publishes a bounded conclusion, confidence level, evidence synthesis, limitations, geographic applicability, regulatory interpretation, and research gaps.
Inspect the reconciled evidence atlasThis score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Scientific context
Existing reviewed chemistry is preserved as scientific context. Chemistry and mechanism information do not establish clinical efficacy or safety.
Chemical identity describes the recorded molecular information. It does not establish biological activity, clinical efficacy, safety, or therapeutic suitability.
Explore further
Move from this peptide record into the project's broader evidence, research, comparison, and methodology systems.
Research
Chronology, unresolved research questions, opportunities, and researcher activity remain descriptive rather than evaluative.
1983 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
1985 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
1987 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
1989 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
1991 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
1995 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
1996 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2001 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2004 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2007 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2010 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2015 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2018 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2019 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2020 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2020 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2021 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2022 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2026 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2026 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established
European Union (EMA)
2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established
United States (FDA)
The represented chronology reflects records currently included in the governed dataset and does not claim to represent the entire scientific literature.
No institutional claim record is currently represented for this peptide.
Evidence is missing or not represented as studied; this is not a conclusion that the intervention does not work.
These are bibliographic author identities derived from represented records. Name strings are not proof of unique real-world researcher identity, and publishing organizations are not treated as institutional affiliations.
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 1985, 2007, 2020
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2022, 2025, 2026
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2022, 2023, 2026
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2022, 2023, 2026
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
3 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2022, 2023, 2026
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
Connections
Connections appear only when they are represented by the project’s underlying records.
institution
Traceability
The experience makes incomplete links visible instead of presenting a false impression of perfect provenance.
Source publication state
A governed source may be verified and approved for publication while its claim-to-evidence link is still incomplete.
Reviewer provenance state
“Human scientist reviewed: no” means that specific source-path attribution is not recorded. It does not silently negate the separate publication-review state.
Domain conclusion → Evidence
Connected
Evidence → Source
Connected
Source → Original record
Connected
Traceability documents how the project connects statements to records. It does not establish that a source is scientifically valid or that a claim is clinically true.
Reconciled for 6 domain conclusions and 0 featured studies.
Detailed study-to-domain mappings and original-source paths appear in the Thymosin alpha-1 evidence-governance section.
Inspect the ranked source recordsObservational archive
Observational archive data is intentionally separated from published scientific evidence.
Observational boundary
Insufficient eligible observations are available for display under the current filters.
Insufficient eligible observations are currently represented to display aggregated findings for this peptide.
Regulatory context
Regulatory status is jurisdiction-specific and time-dependent. It is presented as context, not as a recommendation for use or a substitute for scientific evidence evaluation.
European Union (EMA)
Regulator: EMA
As of: 9/8/2026 · Temporal status not established
United States (FDA)
Regulator: FDA
As of: 9/8/2026 · Temporal status not established
Research + media
Only media explicitly linked through the project’s relationship system appears here.
No scientifically connected media is currently represented for this peptide.
Sources + provenance
Generated: 9/24/2026, 3:25:44 AM
25 of 500 screening records carry a machine-proposed evidence-strength grade; the remainder are unassigned pending further review.
Tier classifies source design and evidentiary role. Confidence reflects risk of bias, sample size, comparator quality, outcome relevance, follow-up, missing data, directness, replication, reporting quality, and whether conclusions stay within the measured results.
Funding and conflicts are disclosed and considered, but sponsorship never automatically changes a tier. Corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern override the original rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Efficacy of Thymosin Alpha 1 in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy plus thymalfasin in locally advanced gastric cancer: a prospective clinical trial.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: A Pilot Trial of Thymalfasin (Thymosin-α-1) to Treat Hospitalized Patients With Hypoxemia and Lymphocytopenia Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin Alpha 1 Mitigates Cytokine Storm in Blood Cells From Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymalfasin (thymosin-alpha 1) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Large randomized study of thymosin alpha 1, interferon alfa, or both in combination with dacarbazine in patients with metastatic melanoma.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Bioactive Thymosin Alpha-1 Does Not Influence F508del-CFTR Maturation and Activity.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin alpha-1 treatment in chronic hepatitis B.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Nuclear targeting of prothymosin alpha.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin alpha 1: A comprehensive review of the literature.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin alpha 1 does not promote growth or oncogenic transformation.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin α-1 Reverses M2 Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages during Efferocytosis.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Aging and Thymosin Alpha-1.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin α-1 in cancer therapy: Immunoregulation and potential applications.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin α1 reverses oncolytic adenovirus-induced M2 polarization of macrophages to improve antitumor immunity and therapeutic efficacy.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Prothymosin alpha in human blood.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Localization of immunoreactive thymosin alpha 1 in astrocytes of normal human brain.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin α-1 does not correct F508del-CFTR in cystic fibrosis airway epithelia.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin alpha 1: from bench to bedside.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin alpha-1.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Immunotherapy with natural interleukins and/or thymosin alpha 1 potently augments T-lymphocyte responses of hydrocortisone-treated aged mice.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Receptors for thymosin alpha 1 on mouse thymocytes.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin alpha 1 restores NK-cell activity and prevents tumor progression in mice immunosuppressed by cytostatics or X-rays.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: Thymosin Alpha-1 Restores Chemotherapy-Induced Antitumor Immunity by Chaperoning a MicroRNA Ligand of TLR7 in Dendritic Cells.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated structured-metadata baseline; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise this rating.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
This PubMed-indexed source examines thymosin alpha-1 in the context described by its title: The Immunomodulatory Activity of Thymosin Alpha 1 on Tumor Cell Lines and Distinct Immune Cell Subsets.
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2021, 2022
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 1985, 2020
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2018, 2019
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2021, 2026
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research