Scientific intelligence record
Experience 2.0
GIP/GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist
Retatrutide (LY3437943) is an investigational long-acting peptide engineered to activate GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors. Published early-phase and phase 2 studies report glycemic, body-weight, and liver-fat effects, but retatrutide has no FDA-approved indication. Gray-market products are not validated by these studies.
Record status
Traceability partial
Last meaningful update: 9/9/2026
Ranked research corpus
186
Categorized publications with transparent machine-proposed ranking; human appraisal pending.
global evidence atlas
This is a deduplicated literature screening registry—not a claim that every mention directly proves efficacy or safety. Machine proposals remain visibly separate from governed human appraisal.
Investigational boundary: Retatrutide is not presented here as FDA-approved, and screening records must not be interpreted as established clinical benefit.
186 matching records · ranked 2026-09-18
Page 1 of 8
BMJ medicine · 2026 · PMID 42688617 · DOI 10.1136/bmjmed-2026-003026
Weight loss and obesity · Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness · Mechanism and pharmacology
European journal of medical research · 2026 Jan 26 · PMID 41582189 · DOI 10.1186/s40001-026-03933-9
Weight loss and obesity · Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Comparative effectiveness · Mechanism and pharmacology
Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026 Mar · PMID 41787737 · DOI 10.1002/edm2.70187
Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness · Mechanism and pharmacology
Annals of internal medicine · 2026 Aug · PMID 42296503 · DOI 10.7326/ANNALS-24-03764
Weight loss and obesity · Comparative effectiveness · Mechanism and pharmacology
Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026 · PMID 42394981 · DOI 10.3389/fphar.2026.1846714
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness
Cureus · 2026 Jun · PMID 42529769 · DOI 10.7759/cureus.111728
MASH and liver · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025 · PMID 39968298 · DOI 10.3389/fendo.2025.1513641
Weight loss and obesity · Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Cardiovascular outcomes · Comparative effectiveness
Journal of diabetes · 2025 Apr · PMID 40207414 · DOI 10.1111/1753-0407.70082
Weight loss and obesity · Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Cardiovascular outcomes · Mechanism and pharmacology
Acta diabetologica · 2025 Sep · PMID 40471293 · DOI 10.1007/s00592-025-02534-y
Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Comparative effectiveness · Mechanism and pharmacology
Maedica · 2025 Dec · PMID 41537067 · DOI 10.26574/maedica.2025.20.4.824
Weight loss and obesity · Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Kidney outcomes · Safety and tolerability
Cardiology in review · 2026 Feb 19 · PMID 41711462 · DOI 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001209
Weight loss and obesity · Mechanism and pharmacology
High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2026 Sep · PMID 42371360 · DOI 10.1007/s40292-026-00812-6
Cardiovascular outcomes · Mechanism and pharmacology
BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026 Jul 8 · PMID 42419792 · DOI 10.1136/bmj-2026-372161
Weight loss and obesity · Comparative effectiveness
Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2025 Jan-Feb · PMID 39817343 · DOI 10.1080/17512433.2025.2450254
Weight loss and obesity · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025 Jun · PMID 39911047 · DOI 10.1089/dia.2024.0533
Weight loss and obesity · Comparative effectiveness · Mechanism and pharmacology
Obesity pillars · 2025 Mar · PMID 39980735 · DOI 10.1016/j.obpill.2025.100162
Weight loss and obesity · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2025 · PMID 40291085 · DOI 10.1080/08998280.2025.2456441
Weight loss and obesity · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025 Nov · PMID 40685589 · DOI 10.1002/oby.24360
Weight loss and obesity · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
European journal of preventive cardiology · 2026 May 15 · PMID 40899050 · DOI 10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf560
Cardiovascular outcomes
Journal of diabetes · 2025 Mar · PMID 40040445 · DOI 10.1111/1753-0407.70063
Weight loss and obesity · Mechanism and pharmacology
Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025 Sep · PMID 40988099 · DOI 10.1002/edm2.70113
Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
American journal of therapeutics · 2024 Jul-Aug 01 · PMID 38976545 · DOI 10.1097/MJT.0000000000001743
Weight loss and obesity · Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Comparative effectiveness
Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2024 Dec · PMID 39305981 · DOI 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.156038
Weight loss and obesity · Comparative effectiveness · Mechanism and pharmacology
Annals of internal medicine · 2026 Sep 1 · PMID 42673585 · DOI 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05519
Weight loss and obesity · Type 2 diabetes and glycemia · Safety and tolerability · Mechanism and pharmacology
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025 Sep 16 · PMID 40489581 · DOI 10.1210/clinem/dgaf336
MASH and liver
Retatrutide evidence · ranking key
A tier describes the evidentiary role and design strength of a source. It is not a popularity score, proof that every conclusion is correct, or a substitute for claim-level review.
Large, well-conducted randomized trials; prespecified major outcomes; rigorous systematic reviews or meta-analyses; and major regulatory assessments.
Smaller randomized trials, strong prospective cohorts, prespecified secondary analyses, and high-quality comparative-effectiveness studies.
Retrospective cohorts, claims-database studies, pharmacovigilance analyses, mechanistic human research, and well-documented case series.
Case reports, conference abstracts, preclinical research, hypothesis-generating analyses, and expert commentary.
peptide explorer
Evidence-class labeling remains visible even when interactive rendering is unavailable. Representative geometry is not an experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation.
Fully specified molecular identity
Registry identity cross-checked to UNII NOP2Y096GV and the design paper. Salt and solvate forms must not be conflated with the free molecular identity.
Sources: NIH PubChem — CID 171390338 · · reviewed 2026-09-17
APA
World Peptide Foundation. (n.d.). Retatrutide — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation. (Reviewed September 8, 2026.) https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/retatrutide
AMA / Vancouver
World Peptide Foundation. Retatrutide — Peptide Scientific Intelligence. World Peptide Foundation website. Reviewed September 8, 2026. https://www.worldpeptidefoundation.org/directory/retatrutide
Featured tiered studies
43
Cornerstone publications with study-level interpretation, limitations, and tier disclosure.
Research domains
13
Clinical and scientific questions synthesized independently across the evidence atlas.
Governed reviewed evidence
25
Database records promoted through the governed publication workflow—not the corpus total.
Corpus generated 2026-09-18. Counts remain separately labeled to prevent automated screening from being represented as completed human review.
Human experience · separate evidence stream
Eligible observations remain below the privacy and reliability threshold. WPF will not convert a handful of reports into a percentage, trend, or clinical claim.
Observation is valuable human context. It is not evidence of causation, efficacy, or safety.
Public display gate
n ≥ 20 eligible observations
Exact progress remains private before the threshold.
Intelligence snapshot
A compact view of what is represented, what remains unresolved, and how completely the record can be traced.
Ranked research corpus
186
Categorized screening records; proposed rankings remain pending human appraisal.
Featured tiered studies
43
Cornerstone studies with published study-level interpretation and tier disclosure.
Research domains
13
Independent evidence dossiers covering the major research questions.
Governed reviewed evidence
25
Reviewed database records promoted through the governed publication workflow.
Contradictions
0
Conflicting evidence relationships that remain visible.
Research gaps
1
Questions the current record identifies as unresolved.
Connected media
0
Media records explicitly linked to this scientific record.
What we know
The project separates represented evidence from qualification, contradiction, uncertainty, and what the evidence does not establish.
Reconciled domain conclusions
Retatrutide no longer relies on the legacy “no public claim” state. Each research domain publishes a bounded conclusion, confidence level, evidence synthesis, limitations, geographic applicability, regulatory interpretation, and research gaps.
Inspect the reconciled evidence atlasThis score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Scientific context
Existing reviewed chemistry is preserved as scientific context. Chemistry and mechanism information do not establish clinical efficacy or safety.
Chemical identity describes the recorded molecular information. It does not establish biological activity, clinical efficacy, safety, or therapeutic suitability.
Explore further
Move from this peptide record into the project's broader evidence, research, comparison, and methodology systems.
Research
Chronology, unresolved research questions, opportunities, and researcher activity remain descriptive rather than evaluative.
2022 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2023 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2024 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2025 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2026 · study · Temporal status not established
peer_reviewed_research
2026 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2026 · study · Temporal status not established
systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established
European Union (EMA)
2026 · regulatory · Temporal status not established
United States (FDA)
The represented chronology reflects records currently included in the governed dataset and does not claim to represent the entire scientific literature.
No institutional claim record is currently represented for this peptide.
Evidence is missing or not represented as studied; this is not a conclusion that the intervention does not work.
These are bibliographic author identities derived from represented records. Name strings are not proof of unique real-world researcher identity, and publishing organizations are not treated as institutional affiliations.
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2024, 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
2 represented evidence records
Years represented: 2024, 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: peer_reviewed_research
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
Connections
Connections appear only when they are represented by the project’s underlying records.
institution
institution
Traceability
The experience makes incomplete links visible instead of presenting a false impression of perfect provenance.
Source publication state
A governed source may be verified and approved for publication while its claim-to-evidence link is still incomplete.
Reviewer provenance state
“Human scientist reviewed: no” means that specific source-path attribution is not recorded. It does not silently negate the separate publication-review state.
Domain conclusion → Evidence
Connected
Evidence → Source
Connected
Source → Original record
Connected
Traceability documents how the project connects statements to records. It does not establish that a source is scientifically valid or that a claim is clinically true.
Reconciled for 13 domain conclusions and 43 featured studies.
Detailed study-to-domain mappings and original-source paths appear in the Retatrutide evidence-governance section.
Inspect the ranked source recordsObservational archive
Observational archive data is intentionally separated from published scientific evidence.
Observational boundary
Insufficient eligible observations are available for display under the current filters.
Insufficient eligible observations are currently represented to display aggregated findings for this peptide.
Regulatory context
Regulatory status is jurisdiction-specific and time-dependent. It is presented as context, not as a recommendation for use or a substitute for scientific evidence evaluation.
European Union (EMA)
Regulator: EMA
As of: 9/8/2026 · Temporal status not established
EMA medicines database and retatrutide paediatric investigation plan
United States (FDA)
Regulator: FDA
As of: 9/8/2026 · Temporal status not established
FDA — concerns with unapproved GLP-1 drugs used for weight loss
Research + media
Only media explicitly linked through the project’s relationship system appears here.
No scientifically connected media is currently represented for this peptide.
Sources + provenance
Generated: 9/24/2026, 3:25:32 AM
Tier classifies source design and evidentiary role. Confidence reflects risk of bias, sample size, comparator quality, outcome relevance, follow-up, missing data, directness, replication, reporting quality, and whether conclusions stay within the measured results.
Funding and conflicts are disclosed and considered, but sponsorship never automatically changes a tier. Corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern override the original rating.
This is a representative, sequence-derived model ordered by residue position only. It is not the peptide's experimentally determined or predicted biological conformation, and it carries no claim about real bond angles, distances, secondary structure, binding sites, or activity.
Retatrutide is a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon triple hormone receptor agonist, under clinical development for type 2 diabetes, obesity, and related complications. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of retatrutide as a monotherapy in people with type 2 diabetes that is inadequately controlled by diet and exercise alone. In this 40-week, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at 48 sites in the USA, Mexico, and India, we recruited adults (aged ≥18 years) with type 2 diabetes that is inadequately controlled by diet and exercise alone, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) between 7·0% and 9·5% (53-80 mmol/mol), and BMI of at least 23 kg/m2. Participants were randomly...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
A 98-participant imaging substudy reported dose-related reductions in MRI-measured liver fat; imaging does not establish histologic or clinical liver outcomes.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
A phase 2 trial in 281 adults found dose-related HbA1c and weight reductions; gastrointestinal events were most frequent during escalation.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Early translational and phase 1 work characterized triple-receptor pharmacology and dose-related metabolic effects; it is proof of concept, not approved clinical use.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
To determine whether adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with retatrutide report greater changes in self-reported appetite, dietary restraint, and disinhibition compared to placebo or dulaglutide and to examine associations with weight change. These pre-specified exploratory analyses examined changes from baseline in Appetite Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Eating Inventory (EI) scores after 24 and 36 weeks of once-weekly treatment with placebo, dulaglutide 1.5 mg, or retatrutide 0.5, 4, 8, or 12 mg in 275 adults with T2D. Changes from baseline with retatrutide were compared to those with placebo and dulaglutide. Post-hoc correlations between changes in body weight and Appetite...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The aim of this study was to determine if retatrutide, a triple agonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor and glucagon (GCG) receptor, may lower serum triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in part by decreasing circulating concentrations of the angiopoietin-like protein 3/8 complex (ANGPTL3/8). In post-hoc analyses of two phase 2 retatrutide trials, concentrations of ANGPTL3/8, ANGPTL4/8 complex (ANGPTL4/8), ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 were measured using dedicated immunoassays to determine percent changes from baseline. Correlations of ANGPTL protein and complex levels with lipid and...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Retatrutide, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, has demonstrated robust glucose and bodyweight reductions in participants with type 2 diabetes. This substudy assessed percent change from baseline to week 36 in total body fat mass versus placebo and dulaglutide. This phase 2, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomised controlled trial was done in 42 medical centres in the USA. Eligible participants were adults aged 18-75 years with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c of 7·0-10·5%, stable bodyweight, and BMI of 25-50 kg/m2. Eligible participants were randomly assigned in a 2:2:2:1:1:1:1:2 ratio to once-weekly...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Automated baseline based on evidence tier; full-text risk-of-bias review may revise it
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
A 48-week phase 2 trial in 338 adults without diabetes found dose-dependent weight reduction; gastrointestinal adverse events were common and dose related.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Indirect contextual source
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
A systematic review of phase 2 and phase 3 obesity-drug trials places retatrutide within the emerging triple-agonist pipeline and identifies the need for long-term safety, weight-maintenance, clinical-outcome, underrepresented-population, cost-effectiveness, and access data.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
PubMed-indexed systematic review and meta-analysis addressing: Comparative Meta-Analysis of Retatrutide Versus Placebo and Dulaglutide for Weight Loss and Diabetes Management: Insights From Clinical Trials.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Retatrutide is a novel triple hormone receptor agonist which has shown great promise in tackling obesity in preliminary trials. We did this systematic review and meta-analysis to pool the results of all available trials and ascertain its safety and efficacy in the treatment of obesity. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central and Embase using appropriate search terms and randomized control trials (RCTs) were identified which reported the safety and efficacy of retatrutide. Data was pooled using mean differences for continuous variables and risk ratios for the safety profile in RStudio. After the initial search four RCTs were included in the analysis which compared...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Obesity is a major public health issue linked to various health complications. Retatrutide, a triple agonist peptide targeting the glucagon receptor, GIP receptor, and GLP-1 receptor, shows promise in addressing this need. This systematic review assessed the safety and efficacy of retatrutide for obesity treatment using available clinical trial data. We conducted a comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov, from their inception until March 15, 2025 following PRISMA guidelines. Three articles were included in this systematic review, screening a total of 1,082 patients, with 691 randomly assigned to groups. The average age of participants was...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
To compare the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), dual agonists (GLP-1RAs/GIP or GCGR), and retatrutide (GLP-1/GIP/glucagon) for weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity. We conducted a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) of 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 29,506 adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), assessing liraglutide, semaglutide, survodutide, tirzepatide, retatrutide, and placebo. Outcomes included mean weight loss, achievement of ≥ 5%, ≥ 10%, and ≥ 15% weight loss, waist circumference (WC), BMI, and adverse events (AEs) at ≥ 36 weeks. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses evaluated the impact of diabetes status, sex, age,...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has resulted in a significant challenge to public health throughout the globe. It required the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Retatrutide is a groundbreaking triple agonist that targets glucagon receptors, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and glucagon-like peptide-1. Retatrutide's complex mechanism of action involves a synergistic interaction among these receptors, resulting in increased insulin secretion, improved glucose homeostasis, and refined appetite modulation. Clinical trials in phases 1 to 3 have demonstrated significant efficacy, highlighted by significant reductions in body weight and favorable...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
To assess the effects of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide on weight and metabolic markers and the occurrence of side effects in patients with overweight, obesity and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were systematically searched for placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published up until February 23, 2024. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous outcomes and risk ratios (RRs) for binary endpoints were computed, with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). A total of three studies were included, comprising 640 patients, of whom 510 were prescribed retatrutide. Compared with placebo, retatrutide significantly...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
The development of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) for type 2 diabetes and obesity was followed by data establishing the cardiorenal benefits of GLP-1RA in select patient populations. In ongoing trials investigators are interrogating the efficacy of these agents for new indications, including metabolic liver disease, peripheral artery disease, Parkinson disease, and Alzheimer disease. The success of GLP-1-based medicines has spurred the development of new molecular entities and combinations with unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, exemplified by tirzepatide, a GIP-GLP-1 receptor coagonist. Simultaneously, investigational molecules such as maritide...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and some cancers. Retatrutide stimulates Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors, and glucagon receptors, and is being developed for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. A phase 2 clinical trial of retatrutide (LY3437943) in the treatment of obesity. The primary end point was percentage change in weight from baseline to 24 weeks, which ranged from -7.2% to -~18% as the dose of retatrutide increased from 1 mg to 12 mg. The most frequent adverse events were gastrointestinal (nausea, diarrhea, vomiting). The results for retatrutide in phase 2...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Retatrutide is a novel triple agonist targeting the receptors of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon. We sought to assess the efficacy and safety of retatrutide in obese patients with or without diabetes. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception until May 2024. Eligible studies comprised randomized controlled trials that compared retatrutide with placebo in obese patients. We excluded studies on healthy populations, non-English texts, single-arm studies, animal studies, and abstracts. RevMan software (version 5.4) was used for analysis, with subgroup evaluation by dose (4 mg, 8 mg, 12 mg). Three...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly used for T2DM and obesity. An electronic search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases. Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a novel triple agonist targeting glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1 R). In subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), decreased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by up to 2.16% and decreased fasting glucose by up to 69.1 mg/dL have been seen. Weight loss up to 16.94% was observed in subjects with T2DM. Subjects with overweight or obesity experienced a greater weight loss by up to...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are global health crises with significant morbidity and mortality. Retatrutide, a novel triple receptor agonist targeting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon receptors, represents a groundbreaking advancement in obesity and T2DM pharmacotherapy. This review synthesizes findings from preclinical and clinical studies, highlighting retatrutide's mechanisms, efficacy, and safety profile. Retatrutide's unique molecular structure enables potent activation of GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors, leading to significant weight reduction, improved glycemic control, and favorable metabolic...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Obesity is one of the critical public health problems in our society. It leads to various health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. With the rising incidence of obesity, there is a growing demand for new therapies which can effectively manage body weight and improve health. Currently under development, multi-receptor agonist drugs may offer a promising solution to meet this unmet medical need. Retatrutide is a novel triple receptor agonist peptide that targets the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
Obesity has emerged as a global health crisis requiring innovative therapeutic strategies beyond conventional approaches. While glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists have redefined pharmacological management, their limitations necessitate further innovation. Retatrutide (LY3437943), a novel triple agonist targeting GLP-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon receptors, represents a transformative advance in obesity pharmacotherapy. Phase 2 trials report unprecedented weight reductions, comparable to bariatric surgery, with additional benefits for metabolic comorbidities such as NASH and cardiovascular disease. Retatrutide...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
There are still substantial clinical challenges in treating patients who come with type 2 diabetes and/or obesity in addition to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Retatrutide, an innovative agent, represents a potential advancement in therapy; however, its performance and safety profile specifically in a CKD population are not fully determined yet. This meta-analysis and systematic review sought to consolidate existing research on the use of retatrutide in this comorbid patient group. A comprehensive literature search identified relevant randomized controlled trials for inclusion. Reductions in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight were the primary goals for evaluating effectiveness,...
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
PubMed-indexed narrative or scoped review addressing: Efficacy of Tirzepatide, Retatrutide, and Semaglutide for Weight Loss in Obese Individuals Without Diabetes.
This score estimates how strongly this source can support scientific claims. It is not a prestige score, and the grade does not transfer automatically to every claim that cites the source.
Grade guide: A+/A is the strongest represented support; B+/B is substantial but qualified; C is limited, indirect, observational, or preclinical; D/E is weak, mechanistic-only, anecdotal, or insufficient.
Provisional ratings are automated baselines from structured metadata. They are not completed full-text risk-of-bias reviews and may change after editorial assessment.
Methodology: WPF-ESR-1.0
GLP-1-based therapies have changed the treatment of overweight/obesity. Liraglutide 3.0 mg daily, the first GLP-1 RA approved for treatment of overweight, induced a weight loss of 6-8%, Semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly improved weight loss to about 12-15%, while the dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide once weekly has induced a weight loss of about 20% in obese people without diabetes. This review describes results obtained with GLP-1 mono-agonists, GLP-1/GIP dual agonists, GLP-1/glucagon co-agonists, and the triple agonist retatrutide (GIP/GLP-1/glucagon), which have shown beneficial effect both on body weight and steatotic liver disease. A combination of semaglutide (a GLP-1...
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2024
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2024
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis
1 represented evidence record
Years represented: 2025
Publishing organizations appearing in records: systematic_review_or_meta_analysis